一. 本周教学内容：
Unit 18 Lesson 69－Lesson 72
（一）词汇
1. British adj. 英国的，英国人的－－from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
e.g. What they are talking is British English .
他们所说的是英国英语。
In 1924 , Mallory and a team of British climbers tried to get to the top of Mount Qomolangma , the tallest mountain in the world.
在1924年，马洛里和一个英国登山队努力到达了珠穆朗玛峰山顶，这是世界上最高的山峰。
2. mist n. 雾、薄雾－－a thin fog made by very small drops of water in the air .
e.g. The whole town was covered by the mist.
整个城镇被薄雾笼罩着。
However , the weather was very misty , and soon the two men disappeared into the mist.
然而，天气多雾，这两个人很快便消失在雾中。
misty 是mist的形容词形式，表示“多雾的，被雾笼罩的”，或者“隐藏在雾中的”之意。
e.g. This is a misty season .
这是个多雾的季节。
London was a misty city many years ago.
许多年前伦敦是一个被雾笼罩的城市。
3. excuse n. 借口、托辞－－reason given to explain or defend one’s behavior apology
She’s always making excuse for being late.
他迟到总是有借口。
e.g. That’s a bad excuse !
那是个很糟糕的借口。
excuse还可以用作动词，表示“原谅”之意。属于同形异义词。
同形异义词指的是那些拼写形式相同，而词义不同的词。有些同形异义词是从一种词性转化为另一种词性，其词义也相应转化成了另一个相近的词义。如：score （分数n. / 得分v. ）；point （点n. /指向v. ）sound（声音n. / 听起来v. ）dry （干的adj. / 晒干，弄干v. ）glass（玻璃n. / 玻璃杯n. ）waste（废物n. / 浪费v.） speed （速度n. / 加速v. ）pass（通行证n. / 通过v.）safe（安全的adj. /保险柜、冷藏箱n.）
还有许多词与它们同形异义词的词义间毫无联系。如果学生只了解一个词义，就无法理解句子。在以下的句子中每组都有一个词具有相同的词形，而表示的却是不同的意思。这些词都是日常使用非常广泛的词，请同学们要特别注意。
e.g.
They sat down for a rest . （休息）
他们坐下来休息。
Tom gave the rest of the money to the poor. （其余）
汤姆把剩余的钱给了穷人。
He hurt his right foot. （脚）
他的右脚受伤了。
Twelve inches make a foot. （英尺）
12英寸为1英尺。
The fine weather lasted only one day . （持续）
好天气只持续了一天。
When did you meet her last time ? （上一个）
上一次你是什么时候见到他的？
The bear looks interesting. （熊）
这只熊看起来很有趣。
I can’t bear it any longer . （忍受）
我再也受不了啦。
Close the door , please （关闭）
请关门
The dog went close to the boy . （靠近）
那只狗朝小男孩走去。
How many letters are there in the word ? （字母）
这个单词里有多少个字母？
I have received a letter from my friend . （信）
我已收到一封朋友的信。
（二）课文重点解析：
1. Well , I am sure he’ll be here before long . 哦，我相信他不久就会到的。
before long 意为“不久以后”，是一个表示时间的介词短语，在句中作状语。主要指以说话人当时或所述事件当时为准的“不久的将来”。
e.g. He’ll get well again before long.
不久他就会痊愈的。
I hope to hear from you before long.
我希望不久就能收到你的来信。
long before 在句中作状语，表示“很久以前，早在…之前”的意思。后面可以接名词、动词－ing形式或从句。
e.g. I had know him long before .
我很早以前就认识他。
My wife went to sleep long before I came home.
在我到家之前，我妻子早已入睡了。
2. I was so busy reading a novel that I forgot to look at the time.
我忙于看小说，结果忘了看时间。
But then I took a taxi so that I would get here faster .
但是我打了辆车，以便快点儿到这里。
（1）so …that用来引导表示结果或程度的从句，意思为“那样…以致（因而）”。so是副词，与形容词或副词连用，其结构是：
so + adj. （adv.）+从句
e.g. He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up with him.
他跑得太快，我都追不上他了。
I am so sleepy that I couldn’t keep my eyes open.
我太困了，都睁不开眼了。
在非正式场合和口语中that常省略不用。
e.g. They were all so tired they could do nothing but sleep.
他们都非常疲惫，除了睡觉什么事也不能做。
I’m so busy with my housework I have no time to write a letter .
我忙于做家务，没时间写信。
（2）so that 主要用以引导表示目的的从句，意思为“以便，使能够”。从句中谓语常由can , could , may , might , should 构成。
e.g. Let’s hurry so that we can get to the station at one o’clock.
快点，这样我们一点钟就能到车站。
I hired a bus so that we could go fishing.
我租了辆车，这样我们就可以去钓鱼了。
Speak slowly so that they can hear you clearly.
说慢点，以便他们都能够听明白。
在口语中that也可省略不用。
e.g. I’ll show you so you can see how I did it .
我要做给你看看，这样你就知道我是怎么做的了。
Check carefully , so you can make less mistakes.
仔细检查一下，以便少犯错误。
so that 也可以引导表示结果的从句，意思为“因此，所以”。
e.g. My glasses fell under my desk , so that I couldn’t see it.
我的眼镜掉在桌子底下，所以我看不见。
He often lied so that nobody believed him.
他经常说谎。因此没人相信他。
3. There was a big traffic jam. 交通堵塞很厉害。
traffic jam 是固定短语，是“塞车、交通堵塞”之意。
e.g. There is often traffic jam on this road in the rush hour.
在上下班高峰期这条路经常出现交通堵塞。
Traffic jam made Lucy be late for school.
塞车使露西上学迟到了。
4. In 1924 , Mallory and a team of British climbers tried to get to the top of Mount Qomolangma.
1924年，马洛里和一支英国登山队试图登上珠穆朗玛山的顶峰。
try 试、尝试、努力做，在此句中用作及物动词。
try后跟不定式表示“设法，试着”的意思，常常有些比较活的译法。
e.g. Don’t try to break away from me.
别想从我手中逃掉。
Try to be here on time.
尽量按时到这儿。
在口语中try + 不定式结构常改为“try + and + 动词原形”。
e.g. I’ll try and telephone you.
我会尽量给你打电话。
Try and be patient , please .
请尽量耐心点。
try 后跟名词、代词或动词－ing形式表示“试试，试用（某种东西或方法）”的意思。
e.g. Try my computer . 试试我的计算机。
Try doing more exercises , you’ll soon lose weight.
再多做些运动试试看，你很快就会瘦下去的。
5. However , the weather was very misty , ……然而，那是个雾天，……
misty是“薄雾弥漫的，充满雾气的”之意，它是由名词mist“雾”加后缀y构成的一个派生词，这样的派生词还有：
rain－－rainy sun－－sunny wind－－windy
snow－－snowy fog－－foggy mud－－muddy
dirt－－dirty
是表示具有名词所有特征的。
e.g. They live in a sunny room.
他们住在向阳的屋里。
Last night it was windy.
昨天晚上刮风。
6. In 1953 , Edmund Hillary from New Zealand , and Tenzing Norgay from Nepal , finally reached the summit of Mount Qomolangma.
1953年，来自新西兰的艾德蒙德·希拉里和来自尼泊尔的登诺尔盖最终登上了珠穆朗玛山的顶峰。
（1）summit是名词，表示“山顶、山峰、顶峰”的意思。
e.g. It’s said that only a few people have ever climbed to the summit of this mountain so far.
据说，到目前为止只有几个人爬上过这座山的山顶。
The other members of their climbing team watched as Mallory and Irvine climbed slowly up towards the summit.
他们登山队的其他队员在马洛里和爱文慢慢地朝山顶攀登时看着他们。
（2）reach到达（某地、某目的地），到达（某人那里）。在这里作及物动词。
e.g. Your letter reached me yesterday.
我昨天收到了你的信。
We reached the small town by one o’clock in the afternoon .
我们下午一点到了那个小城。
arrive和get都可以表示“到达（某地）”的意思，但这两个词在表达这一意思时是不及物动词，后面要有介词才能跟宾语。
arrive后跟介词in 或at ，分别表示到达某大地方或某小地方。
e.g. The visitors arrived in Hainan Island at last.
旅游者最终到了海南岛。
This morning the visitors arrived at Fengtai at last.
今天上午参观者到达了丰台。
get后跟介词to，是一个非正式用语。
e.g. What time did you get to Nanjing ?
你们什么时候到的南京？
The firemen couldn’t get to the twentieth floor .
消防队员不能到达第20层。
7. It was teamwork that kept us alive .
是团体精神使我们活了下来。
（1）这是一个强调句，所谓强调句是用来突出强调句子某一部分的句子，它一般由：“It is / was + 被强调部分＋who / that …”构成。
e.g. It was Mary who sent you home yesterday.
昨天是玛丽把你送回家的。
It was in the school club that I got to know her.
我是在校联谊会上认识的她。
（2）alive是形容词，表示“活着的”。
e.g. Are your grandfather alive ?
你的祖父还健在吗？
I hear Sam is alive after the car accident.
我听说山姆在车祸后还活着。
（三）重点语法分析：
1. 不定式作主语
动词不定式作主语时，往往放在谓语的后面。句子则用引导词it作形式主语。
e.g. It is a great pleasure to talk with him.
和他谈话是一大乐事。
It’s our duty to help others .
帮助他人是我们的义务。
It’s easy for us to read .
我们读起来很容易。
It will be a mistake for us not to do our homework.
我们不做作业是不对的。
注意：for 引起的短语可以说明不定式表示的动作是由谁做的。
It’s very kind of you to help me.
你来帮助我真是太好了。
It’s foolish of him to leave school.
他离开学校真是太傻了。
注意：of引起的短语放在如：kind , good , nice , right , clever , polite , wrong , careless , silly , foolish 这样的表语后面说明不定式指的是谁的情况。
注意：有些动词需要复合宾语，动词不定式在复合宾语中作宾语补语，常见的动词有：ask , allow , tell , help , want , like 等。
I’ll have the man cut my hair.
我要让那个人给我剪头发。
I saw the girl cry in the street just now.
刚才我看见那个小姑娘在街上哭了。
Let’s go shopping together .
让我们一起去购物。
注意：在have , let , make , see , watch , hear , notice 这类动词后面所跟的复合宾语中的动词不定式不需加to。
【模拟试题】
I. 选择填空：
1. －－_____ you like to see this film ?
－－I’d like to.
A. Can B. Could
C. Must D. Would
2. There are students on the playground , ______ ?
A. are there B. are they
C. aren’t there D. aren’t they
3. _____ does his mother fly to Japan to see him ?
Once a year .
A. How long B. When C. How many D. How often
4. We’ll go to the zoo if it _______ rain next Sunday .
A. won’t B. isn’t going C. doesn’t D. wasn’t
5. Japan lies _______ the east of China.
A. to B. in C. on D. at
6. Has the train left ? Yes , it ______ for ten minutes .
A. left B. leaves C. has left D. has been away
7. The teacher stopped ________ my questions though he was very busy .
A. answering B. to answer C. answer D. answered
8. You’d better ______ more clothes , It’s very cold outside .
A. take off B. put on C. get off D. hold on
9. They were ______ pleased to see each other that they forgot everything else.
A. so B. too C. very D. quite
10. Can you tell me ______ yesterday ?
A. what did they do B. what do they do
C. what they do D. what they did
II. 根据句意补全单词中所缺字母，使补全后的句子通顺，合理。
1. Is there a l __ ke in the park ?
2. We’ll have a p __ __ ty tomorrow.
3. Are you a n __ __ se or a doctor ?
4. What time will the class meeting st __ __ t ?
5. There is the b __ ll . Let’s have a class.
6. I want to have a r __ st after lunch.
III. 根据句意用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Can you see six _____ in the picture ? （sheep）
2. Who teaches ______ English ? （they）
3. She is in the ______ row in her class. （two）
4. Whose car is it ? Is it _______ ? （he）
5. Bill jumps ______ than Jim. （far）
6. Of all these boys , he is the _____ . （strong）
7. Please do your homework as ______ as you can . （careful）
8. She is a ______ （dance）
IV. 从方框内选出恰当的句子完成下面对话，并将其字母标号填入相应的题号内。
V. 根据中文意思，用所学过的句型写出语法正确的句子。
1. 到吃晚饭的时间了。
2. 那个男孩年龄太小不能上学。
3. 昨天直到我父亲回来我才睡觉。
4. 他们每天花一小时做作业。
5. 这位老师经常帮我学英语。
6. 明天王叔叔一到家就会给你打电话。
VI. 阅读理解：
Mr Brown had a new telephone number . Before he got it , it was the number of a shop . The shop now had a new number , but a lot of women did not know this , so they still telephoned the old one.
At first , Mr and Mrs Brown always said , “We’re sorry . You have the wrong number . The shop has a new one now. ”
But women still kept on telephoning them to ask for things , so after some time , Mr and Mrs Brown began to answer them like this :
“Good morning , madam , What do you want us to send you today ? ”They thought , “Maybe they will stop telephoning us when they don’t get their things . ”But this did not help Mr and Mrs Brown , because now women began to telephone them more and more , and said angrily , “Where are your things ? They haven’t come yet ! Why haven’t you sent them yet ? ”
1. A lot of women knew ______.
A. the shop had changed its number
B. Mr Brown had got a new number
C. the other number of the shop
D. the new number of the shop
2. Many women telephoned Mr Brown because _____.
A. they wanted to ask for things
B. Mr Brown had a new shop of his own
C. they wanted to ask the number of the shop
D. Mr Brown wanted to send them what they needed
3. When they didn’t get the things they wanted to buy , the women because ______.
A. happy B. afraid C. sad D. angry
4. From the story we know that _____.
A. the new number of the shop was once Mr Brown’s
B. the numbers of the shop and Mr Brown’s were once the same.
C. Mr Brown’s number is what the number of the shop once was .
D. Mr Brown’s number is now the same as the number of the shop.
5. The Brown’s new number brought them a lot of _____.
A. help B. pleasure C. good luck D. trouble
【试题答案】
I. 1. D 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. A
6. D 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. D
II. 1. lake 2. party 3. nurse 4. start
5. bell 6. rest
III. 1. sheep 2. them 3. second 4. his
5. farther 6. strongest 7. carefully 8. dancer
IV. 1. A 2. C 3. F 4. B 5. D 6. G
V. 1. It’s time for supper . / to have supper .
2. That boy is too young to go to school .
3. I didn’t go to bed until my father came back yesterday .
4. It takes them an hour to do their homework every day .
5. This teacher often helps me to learn English / with English .
6. Uncle Wang will telephone you tomorrow as soon as he gets home.
VI. 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. D
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